Within and without national borders; crimes and deviance in Asia and the Pacific

This paper studies cross-border crimes and deviance in Asia and the Pacific. It focuses on social disorganization crime, opportunity crime, corporate crime, bureaucratic crime, drug smuggling, human trafficking, and organized crime that take place characteristically within and without national or territorial borders in the region. To attempt a systematic understanding, the paper explores changing dynamics between major social forces, including capitalism and socialism, Eastern civilizations and Western development, democratic forms of government and patriarchal leadership, citizen initiatives and state authorities, formalism and informalism, procedural fairness and control effectiveness, and their possible impacts on crime, deviance, and their control in Asia and the Pacific.